Internal-combustion engine.



J. F. e R. F. SCOTT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGNE.

PILICATIUN FILED FEB.!9.1917 Y 1,256,382. Patented Feb.12,1918

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WIT/VESSES r ille 1J HTTEBNL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specicetion of Letters Eatent.

Patented Fein. i2, MMS.

.nplicetion filed Fellruery 19, 1917. Serie! No. 149,485.

To @ZZ whom. z5 maf; l. omero:

Be it known that we, .ligues F. Soo'r'r and Rosen/r F. Scorer, citizens of the United States, and residents 'of the city ol? New York, borough of ll/ianhattan, in the county and Stute of New York. have invented a new and improved internalombustion Engine, of which the following is o full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improved means for translating longitudinal torce into a roterytt'oree and particularly to en improved internal combustion engine which converts directly the doelen of un explosive motter into rot d otion.

he object in View .is to provide an iniproved construction of engine whereby suo cessive explosions lmay he converted into a rotary motion with the use of a minimum number of parte.

Another object in View is to provide an internal combustion engine formed with a reciprocating member and means for rototing the some during; its reciprocatory movement in order that the impulse caused by the eXplosion of an explosive matter `will be translated into rotary motionun such manner as to utilize substantially all of the energy in producing; the rotary motion and also take advantage of the inlluence of centrifugal force.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure il is a longitudinal vertical section throughan engine disclosing one embodi ment oi" the invention.

Fig. f3 is View similar to 'l with certain parts shown in elevation and irnmediotely before the explosion, the parts being sho-wn on a reduced scale.

Fig. 3 is e sectional View through Fig. 2 on line E3-3.

Fig. Llis a transverse sectional View 'through Fig. f5 on line Fig. 5 is a diagram sho ng; the errungernent oi guiding` grooves used in adapting the moving parte to the li-cycle principio.

Referring to the accompanying drawings by numerals, l indicates a casing of any desired lrind provided with end members 2 and 3, end member EZ being :formed with oliemoers and noting as inlet end ex oust chambers. An' intake pipe il is provided which is connected with chamber fi, While an outlet pipe "t" is provided for di rooting the exhaust to a convenient point. The casing i is supported on any suitable foundation and is held against movement in case the shaft 8 is to loe rotated, but it is evident that if the'v desired shaft 8 could be held fixed and the casing 1 rotated without. in any Way departing from the spirit of the invention or changing the principles involved.

As shown in Fig. 1, the shaft 8 extends through the casing l and is supportedv therein bysuitable bearings 9, which hearings may be of the ordinary antifriction type. as shown in Fig. l., or may be thrust bearings, -i desired, usually some form of thrust bearing being provided to prevent excessive friction between the Walls of cham ber l0 and the inner plate 11 of end 2. The chamber l0 is formed integrally with shaft 8 or is rigidly secured thereto and has rigidly connected therewith the bellows .l2 and 13, which bellows form the combustion chamber. The opposite ends oi' the bellows l2 and 13 are connected in any suitable way,

as for instance, by boing screwed or welded to what may oe termed a piston 14 which is slidingly mounted on shaft 8 but splined thereto by n suitable key l5 so that the piston must rotate With the shaft. The detail construction ol `the chamber produced by the bellows structure l2-l3 and associated parts will not he described as it is identical with thestructure disclosed in the pat-ent to James F. Scott, issued April 223, 19H5, No. 1,180,9l7 and the allowed application of James F. Scott, No. 102,631 lilcd June 9, 1916. l

The ends of'eech of the bellows 'l2 and i3 are connected to the Walls of chamber 10 andto one of the Walls of the piston 1% so that the movement caused by the explosion of an explosive mixture in the chambers will be translated to e longitudinal movement ol the piston 14.*, which longitudnial movement will be translated by a sys-teni oi' grooves i6 and 1.7 and balls l5 into a rotary inovcrncnt. The piston. 14e by reason of these grooves and' balls rotates upon its haci; and forth movement while slidingf along the shaft 8 guided by the key l5. The grooves 16 and 17, as shown in the diagram in Fig. 5, are formed so that it will require four longitudinal movements of piston 14- to produce one rotary movenient, whereby the entire construction is adapted to the fle-cycle `orinciple oit explosivo engines. u

For instance, upon the explosion the porto will inove from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. l under the induence ofthe power produced by the expanding gases, and from the position shown in Fig. 4 the bellows will nieve back to their former position, and as the piston 14 moves back it will rotate for a quarter of a revolution, this backward movement of the bellows acting as an exhaust stroke. T he next forward movement of the parts will cause the bellows to draw in a new charge of' explosive mixture and at the same time rotate the piston 14 a quarter of a revolution. Upon the return movement of the piston lll after the intake stroke the piston will rotate aquarter of a revolution and the collapsing of the bellows will compress the gases to the desired-extent ready for the next explosion. As shown in the drawings, the balls i8 have been provided in suitable adjustable plugs 19, but it is evident that other means may be provided as well as the balls or as a substitute for the balls without departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance, the plug 19 could be reduced and rounded at the end so as to act in the grooves though the free movement of the balls is preferable.

The `intake and exhaust openings are" arranged in the end 2 as shown in Fig'. 3, the exhaust opening 20 being preferably larger than. the intake opening 21 so as to give collapsible sections whereby when an explosion occurs in saidchamber one end of the chamber will be moved a predetermined distance from the opposite end, a power member connected to the movable end of -said chamber, means acting on said power member for causing the same to rotate as it is moved by said combustion chamber, and a rotatable shaft slidingly connected with said power member whereby the shaft is -rotated by the power member during its movement.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a collapsible power chamber, a rota- `\table power member connected with said power chamber and reciprocatedv thereby, meansy acting on said power chamber for causing the same to rotate as it is reciprocated, a shaft extending through said rotary power member, and means for connect- -ing said rotary power member with said shaft whereby the shaft is rotated.

3. An internal combustion engine, comprising a rotatable shaft, ineansl for supporting said shaft, an explosive chamber connected with said shaft at one end and designed to expand longitudinally of the shaft, a rotary power member connected with said chamber and adapted to be moved longitudinally of the shaft with the chanr ber, means slidingly connecting said shaft with said power member, and means engaging said power member for causing the same to rotate as it recip'rocates.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a power shaft, an intake chamber connected with said shaft, a combustion4 chamber formed of collapsing sections connected with said chamber and arranged to be continually in free communication therewith, means for producing an explosion in said chamber so as to cause one end of the collapsing scctions to move longitudinally of said shaft, a power member connected with-said collapsing sections and moved thereby, a spline for connecting said power member with said. shaft, and means acting on. said power member for causing the same to rotate as it is moved longitudinally of the shaft.

5. In an internal combustion engine of the character described, a collapsible explosion chamber, a reciprocating power member, means acting on the power member for causing the same to rotate during the reciprocation thereof, a shaft extending through said power member, and a spline for slidin ly connecting the power member with the s aft whereby said shaft is rotated.-

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a rotatable shaft, a cylinder formed with expanding parts rigidly connected with said shaft and arranged so that one end will move back and forth along the shaft, a power member connected to said movable end, fixed means connected with said power member for causing the same to rotate when icc reciprocated by said cylinder, and means for connecting the power member with said shaft for rotating the shaft. 'it

7. An internal combustion engine, comprising a casing having` an end provided:

with an exhaust openin and an intake opening, a shaft extending through said casing, a gas chamber ,rigidly connected with said shaft arranged adjacent said end and formed with a single opening adapted to pass successivelyrthe exhaustv from said' intake openings, a power element connected with sai gas chamber, a reciprocating element connected with said power member vand actuated thereby, means acting on said reciprocating element for causing the same to rotate,I means connectinfr said recipro-- eating element and said shalt whereby said litt ber and the other by said end, said contacts 'being arranged to cause a spark once for each revolution of the gas chamber.

8. An internal combustion engine, comprising a casing' formed with an endvhaving an inlet and exhaust opening, a gas chamber rotatably mounted adjacent said end and formed with a single opening adapted Ato register successively 4with the openings in said. end, a power chamber connected with sald gaschamber' and rotatable therewith, means for, producing a spark insaid gaschamber once for each revolution thereof, apowershaft, and means for translatino' movementfrom said power chamberl to said shaft for rotatin the same.

9. An internal com ustion engine, com* prising a pair of nested collapsible bellows forming an explosion chamber therebetween, the inner bellows having an opening V extending therethrough, a power shaft extending through said opening,l means for connecting one end of each or' said bellows t-o said power shaft so that' the bellows will rotate with the power shafta reciprocating element connected to thel opposite ends of each ofA said bellows, means for'causing said reciprocating element to rotate as it reciprocates, and means for connecting said reciprocating element with said shaft for transmittingv ing the same.

10. An internal combustion engine, compower to-'the shaft for rotatprising a power element formed with an innerl and an outer set of collapsible sect-ions, the space between said sections forming a combustion chamber,A a reciprocating element connected to said power element, means acting on -the reciprocating element for causing the reciprocating element to rotate as it reeiprocates, and means for transmitting power from said reciprocating ele-` ment .to a rotary member. 1

11. An internal combustion engine, com prising a combustion chamber formed by collapsible sections 'whereby when an explosion occurs in'said chamber one end of the chamber will be moved a predetermined distance from the opposite end, a power member connected 'to the movable end ol said chamber, means acting on said power member for causing same to rotate as it'is moi'ed by said chamber and means for transmitting power from said power member to a rotar)7 member.

12. A11 internal combustion engine, comprising a combustion chamber Vformed with collapsible sections whereby when an ex- -member connected tothe movable end of said chamber for transmitting power therefrom, and means aetlng on said power member for causing the same to rotate as it is movedby said combustion chamber.

JAMES F. SCOTT. ROBERT F. SCOTT 

